System and method for charging a barcode scanner

ABSTRACT

Cordless indicia readers may use a rechargeable energy storage unit (RESU) for power. The RESU may include either at least one lithium-ion battery or at least one super capacitor. Problems may arise when an RESU containing a lithium-ion battery is charged using a super-capacitor charging-scheme. The present invention embraces a system and method for charging a barcode scanner that includes determining the RESU type and then charging the RESU with a charging process that is appropriate for the RESU type.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 62/101,242 for a Power Source Pack Detection filed Jan. 8, 2015, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to chargers for charging a rechargeable energy storage unit (RESU). More specifically, the present invention relates to a charger for a barcode scanner that is configured to detect the barcode-scanner's RESU type and then choose a charging scheme (i.e., charging process) appropriate for the particular RESU type.

BACKGROUND

Handheld and/or wireless barcode scanners (i.e., indicia readers) are typically powered by a rechargeable energy storage unit (RESU). Traditionally the RESU has used a battery as its energy storage component. Batteries are optimized to provide energy for prolonged periods of continuous operation, which suits the needs for most electronic devices (e.g., laptops, cellphones, etc.). Barcode scanners, however, typically operate in a different fashion. Active periods are often followed by periods of non-operation. As a result, other energy storage components may be considered for powering the barcode scanner. A super capacitor (i.e., ultra-capacitor, double layer capacitor, etc.), for example, may be suitable energy storage component for an RESU.

The super capacitor stores energy via a static charge rather than an electrochemical reaction or other process. As a result, the charging/operating characteristics required for super-capacitor RESUs is different from battery RESUs. For example, a super-capacitor can be charged more quickly than a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery. The super capacitor may be charged/discharged many times and typically has a longer service life than a Li-ion battery. As a result, super capacitors may be used for barcode scanning applications, which may require short-term power bursts followed by quick charging periods.

The charging process (i.e., the currents/voltages applied over time) of a super capacitor are different from a Li-ion battery. For example, the super capacitor may accept larger charge currents. The super capacitor cannot be overcharged and does not require the detection of a full-charge since the charge current stops flowing when the super capacitor has reached its charge limit. A Li-ion battery, on the other hand, requires carful control of charging current/voltage, and care should be taken to stop charging when the battery has reached its charge limit. In addition, safety mandates that the temperature of a Li-ion battery be monitored and the charge/use of the Li-ion battery discontinued when the battery becomes excessively warm.

Either a Li-ion battery or a super capacitor may be used to as the energy storage component in a barcode-scanner's RESU. It is desirable for an RESU to fit/operate in any barcode-scanner/charger without regard to the type of energy storage component used by the RESU. Additional mechanical keying features added to an RESU to indicate the RESU type (i.e., super-capacitor type or battery type) add additional costs and may cause user frustration. One detectable difference between a super-capacitor-type RESU and a battery-type RESU (e.g., Li-ion type RESU) arises from the temperature sensor (e.g., thermistor) required for temperature control in the battery-type RESU.

Traditionally, RESUs have an electrical connector (e.g., pin, tab, contact, etc.) specifically for monitoring temperature. Typically, this connector (i.e., thermistor pin) is connected to a thermistor within the RESU. Temperature may be detected by sensing the thermistor's resistance (i.e., the terminal resistance at the thermistor pin) since the thermistor's resistance varies with temperature (e.g., 10K ohms at room temperature). For a super-capacitor RESU, however, this pin may be shorted since temperature control is unnecessary. As a result, a super-capacitor RESU and a Li-ion RESU may be visually identical but will have different terminal resistances at their respective thermistor pins.

Therefore, a need exists for a charger that can detect what type of RESU is being charged based on the terminal resistance at the RESU's thermistor pin and then adjust the charging process based on the type of RESU detected.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention embraces a method for selecting a charging process. The method includes the step of providing a barcode scanner that has a particular type of rechargeable storage unit (RESU). The method also includes the step of connecting the RESU to a charger that can charge the RESU with a charging process customized for the RESU's particular type. The charger includes a detection circuit, and the method includes the step of detecting the RESU's particular type using the detection circuit connected to a thermistor pin on the RESU. Finally, the method includes the step of selecting the charger's charging process based on the RESU's particular type.

In an exemplary embodiment of the method, the RESU's particular type is either (i) a super-capacitor type that includes one or more supercapacitors for storing energy or (ii) a battery type that includes one or more batteries (e.g., one or more Li-ion batteries) for storing energy. Further, in one possible embodiment, the shape/size and electrical interface of the RESU is the same for each type.

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, the step of detecting the RESU's particular type includes measuring a terminal resistance, which is the resistance of a thermistor.

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, the RESU's particular type is either a super-capacitor type with a terminal resistance of about zero ohms or a battery type with a terminal resistance of about 10,000 ohms.

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, the detection circuit includes a P-channel MOSFET. The P-channel MOSFET's source is connected to a power source, while the MOSFET's drain is connected to the input of a current limiting resistor. The detection circuit also includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The input to the ADC is connected to the output of the current-limiting resistor and the RESU's thermistor pin so that the terminal resistance may be measured as a voltage, and the output of the ADC is connected to a processor, which is included as part of the charger to control the charger's charging process. Here, the processor may be configured by software to (i) read the digital signal output from the ADC, (ii) select the charger's charging process based on the digital signal, and (iii) control charging circuitry to apply voltage/current to the RESU based on the selected charging process.

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, the charger is a charging cradle that is configured to hold and charge the RESU.

In another exemplary embodiment of the method, the charger is a charging cradle that is configured to hold and charge the RESU while the RESU is connected to the barcode scanner.

In another aspect, the present invention embraces a charging system for charging a wireless barcode scanner. The charging system includes a wireless barcode scanner having an RESU. The charging system also includes a charger that is configured to electrically connect to the RESU for charging. The charger includes a detection circuit to determine the RESU's energy storage component. The charger also includes a processor that is configured to (i) receive a signal from the detection circuit, (ii) determine the RESU's energy storage component based on the signal, and (iii) charge the RESU's energy storage component based on the determination. The charging of the RESU's energy storage component includes the processor controlling charging circuity to delivery energy to the RESU according to a charging process that corresponds to the RESU's energy storage component.

In one exemplary embodiment of the charging system, the RESU's storage component is either one or more a super capacitors or one or more lithium-ion batteries.

In another exemplary embodiment of the charging system, the RESU having one or more super capacitors is visibly identical to the RESU having one or more lithium-ion batteries.

In another exemplary embodiment of the charging system, the RESU's storage component corresponds to a terminal resistance at a thermistor pin on the RESU.

In another exemplary embodiment of the charging system, the terminal resistance for an energy storage component having one or more lithium-ion batteries is the resistance of a thermistor.

In another exemplary embodiment of the charging system, the terminal resistance for an energy storage component having one or more super capacitors is the resistance of a short-circuit to ground.

In another exemplary embodiment of the charging system, the terminal resistance for an energy storage component having one or more super capacitors and the terminal resistance for an energy storage component having one or more lithium-ion batteries differ by more than 1000 ohms.

In another exemplary embodiment of the charging system, the detection circuit converts the terminal resistance at the thermistor pin into a corresponding voltage level signal. In one particular embodiment, the detection circuit includes a P-channel MOSFET and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The MOSFET's source is connected to a power source, while the MOSFET's drain is connected to the input of a current-limiting resistor so that current flows through the current limiting resistor when the MOSFET is turned on for detection. The ADC's input is connected to the output of the current-limiting resistor and the thermistor pin on the RESU so that the voltage at the input ADC corresponds to the terminal resistance. The digital signal at the output of the ADC corresponds to the voltage at the ADC's input.

In another exemplary embodiment of the charging system, the charger is a charging cradle having a housing configured to mechanically and electrically mate with the RESU. The housing also contains the detection circuit, the processor, and the charging circuitry.

The foregoing illustrative summary, as well as other exemplary objectives and/or advantages of the invention, and the manner in which the same are accomplished, are further explained within the following detailed description and its accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1a depicts an exploded view of a barcode scanner and a rechargeable energy storage unit (RESU) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1b graphically depicts a barcode scanner, a charger, and a power supply according to an exemplary implementation of the present invention.

FIG. 2 schematically depicts a block diagram of an RESU according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 depicts a block diagram of a charging system for a barcode scanner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 schematically depicts a detection circuit for a charger according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In one regard, the present invention embraces a system for charging a rechargeable storage unit (RESU). The RESU is configured to store energy upon charging and to deliver power to a barcode scanner during the scanner's operation. The RESU may store energy in a battery or a supercapacitor. It is desirable for an RESU using a battery as its energy storage component to be indistinguishable (i.e., in its mechanical structure and electrical interface) from an RESU using a super capacitor as the energy storage component. The charging requirements (e.g., voltages/currents applied over time) of a battery are different from those of a super capacitor, and charging a battery using a super-capacitor charging process (or vice versa) could result in damage. The present invention embraces a system to sense the RESU type and then to charge the RESU using the appropriate charging process based on the RESU type.

An exemplary barcode scanner 1 is shown in FIG. 1a . The barcode scanner shown is intended for wireless, handheld use and scanning may be achieved by pulling a trigger. The barcode scanner may be configured to scan barcodes (e.g., 1D barcodes, 2D barcodes, etc.) or perform other operations, such as optical character recognition or validation (e.g., currency, identification). The term “barcode scanner” as used herein is not intended to limit the scope of present invention to a particular type of indicium (e.g., barcode) that can be scanned or to a particular means for reading (e.g., scanning, imaging) the indicium. The barcode scanner may be a gun-style as shown in FIG. 1, but may be embodied otherwise (e.g., body-worn type, mobile-computer type, vehicle-mounted type, sled type, etc.).

Also shown in FIG. 1a is an RESU 10. The RESU 10, in this example, may be inserted into the handle of the barcode scanner 1 as illustrated by the dashed arrow. The RESU has electrical connectors 11 (e.g., pins, tabs, sockets, etc.) to interface with a charger. These electrical connectors may include (but are not limited to) a positive pin, a negative pin (e.g., ground pin), and a thermistor pin.

An implementation of an exemplary charging system for charging is shown in FIG. 1B. As shown, a barcode scanner 1 having an RESU installed (e.g., in the handle) may be placed (i.e., as shown by the dotted arrow) onto a charger 20. The charger shown in FIG. 1B is a charging cradle that holds the RESU 10 (and barcode scanner 1), while electrically connecting with the RESU connectors 11. The charger 20 may be connected to a power supply. The power supply may include an infrastructure power source (e.g., power at a wall outlet) and the necessary circuitry to convert/condition the electricity available from the infrastructure into voltages/currents suitable for the charger. In one possible embodiment, the power supply is contained within the charger's housing so that the charger may connected directly to a wall outlet. In another possible embodiment, the power supply is a battery.

The charging system envisioned by the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 1B. The present invention also envisions a charging system in which the RESU is inserted directly into the charger after its removal from the barcode scanner. In another possible embodiment, the charger includes multiple charging bays, each configured to charge an RESU. In another possible embodiment, the charger is mechanically shaped (i.e., keyed) to accept a particular RESU shape or accept a particular orientation of the RESU. In another possible embodiment, the charger includes indicators and/or a display to show the conditions of the charger/RESU (e.g., the sensed RESU type, the charging process type, the charging status, etc.).

A block diagram of an exemplary RESU is shown in FIG. 2. The RESU includes an energy storage element capable being charged and recharged. The energy storage element includes either a super capacitor or a battery (e.g., lithium ion battery). An RESU with at least one super capacitor is a super-capacitor type RESU, while an RESU with at least one Li-ion battery is a battery-type RESU. In some cases, the energy storage component may be embodied as a bank of super capacitors that are electrically connected so as to operate as a unit. In other cases, the energy storage component may be embodied as a bank of Li-ion batteries that are electrically connected so as to operate as a unit.

The RESU includes a scanner interface 14 to electrically connect with the barcode scanner. The RESU also includes a charger interface 13 to electrically connect with a charger. In some cases, the scanner interface and the charger interface are included in a single interface.

For a battery-type RESU, temperature-monitoring 15 may be included. The temperature monitoring 15 may include a thermistor that has a temperature-dependent resistance. By sensing the thermistor's resistance, the RESU's temperature may be monitored (e.g., 10000 ohms at room temperature). For a super-capacitor type RESU, temperature monitoring is typically unnecessary. As a result, the temperature monitoring 15 may be eliminated or replaced.

In super-capacitor RESUs, replacing the thermistor with another circuit element can facilitate the identification of different RESU types. In one possible embodiment the thermistor may be replaced with a short circuit (e.g. to ground). In another possible embodiment, the thermistor may be replaced with an open circuit. In another possible embodiment, the thermistor may be replaced with a particular resistance (e.g., so that the terminal resistance difference between the RESU types is greater than about 1000 ohms).

A block diagram illustrating an exemplary charging system is shown in FIG. 3. The RESU 10 is electrically connected to a charger 20 that is also electrically connected to a power supply 21. In some possible embodiments, the RESU may also be connected mechanically and/or electrically to a barcode scanner 1.

The charger 20 includes a detection circuit 30. When connected to the RESU's thermistor pin (i.e., connector, port, etc.), the terminal resistance may be measured. An RESU including at least one lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery also includes a thermistor connected to the thermistor pin so that the terminal resistance measured at the thermistor pin corresponds with the temperature inside the RESU housing (e.g., about 10,000 ohms at room temperature). An RESU that includes no Li-ion batteries (i.e., super-capacitor type RESU) does not require temperature monitoring, therefore the thermistor may be replaced with circuit element having a different resistance (e.g., open-circuit, short-circuit, resistor, etc.). By detecting the resistance of the thermistor or the circuit element, the RESU type (i.e., super-capacitor or battery) may be determined.

An exemplary detection circuit 30 is schematically shown in FIG. 4. Here, a P-Channel MOSFET 31 may be used. The MOSFET's source lead (S) is connected to a power source, and the MOSFET's drain (D) lead is connected to the input of a current-limiting resistor 32. The output of the current-limiting resistor 32 is attached to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 34 input and to the RESU's thermistor pin. The voltage drop across the terminal resistance (RT) 33 measured at the thermistor pin, corresponds to the type of RESU. Likewise, the output of the ACD is a (digital) voltage-level signal corresponding to the type of RESU. In the case of the Li-ion battery RESU, the ADC 34 output will be fairly high as the thermistor is around 10000 ohms at ambient temperature (e.g., 25 degrees Celsius). In the case of the super-capacitor RESU, the voltage will be near zero when the terminal resistance is a short circuit (i.e., short) to ground.

The gate terminal (G) for the P-channel (enhancement mode) MOSFET 31 may be connected to bias circuitry to start/stop the current flow through the current limiting resistor 32. This switching aspect may be used to activate/deactivate the sensing as necessary. Variations in the exemplary detection circuit 30 exist. For example, in one possible embodiment, the ADC 34 is part of a processor.

As shown in FIG. 3, the output of the detection circuit 30 is connected to the charger's processor 22. The processor may be of any type (e.g., microcontroller, microprocessor, FPGA, ASIC, CPU, etc.) that can be configured by software to perform various functions and/or control various devices, systems and/or components. For example, software may configure the processor to receive the output (e.g., digital signal representing the voltage input) of the detection circuit and determine the proper charging scheme based on the signal. The processor 22 may then be configured to perform the appropriate charging process by controlling charging circuitry 23 to deliver the appropriate voltage/current to the RESU over time.

To supplement the present disclosure, this application incorporates entirely by reference the following commonly assigned patents, patent application publications, and patent applications:

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In the specification and/or figures, typical embodiments of the invention have been disclosed. The present invention is not limited to such exemplary embodiments. The use of the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The figures are schematic representations and so are not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms have been used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation. 

1. A method for selecting a charging process, the method comprising the steps of: providing a barcode scanner having a rechargeable energy storage unit (RESU) of a particular type; connecting the RESU to a charger having a detection circuit for determining the RESU's particular type and capable of charging the RESU with a charging process customized for the RESU's particular type; detecting the RESU's particular type using the detection circuit connected to a thermistor pin on the RESU, and selecting the charger's charging process based on the RESU's particular type.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the RESU's particular type is either (i) a super-capacitor type, wherein the RESU includes at least one super capacitor for storing energy or (ii) a battery type, wherein the RESU includes at least one battery for storing energy.
 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the at least one battery includes a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery.
 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the RESU's mechanical shape/size and electrical interface is the same for the super-capacitor type and the battery type.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step of detecting the RESU's particular type comprises: measuring a terminal resistance, wherein the terminal resistance is the resistance of a thermistor.
 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: the particular type is either a super-capacitor type or a battery type, and wherein the terminal resistance is about zero ohms for a super-capacitor type and about 10,000 ohms for the battery type.
 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the detection circuit comprises: a P-channel MOSFET, wherein the MOSFET's source is connected to a power source and the MOSFET's drain is connected to the input of a current limiting resistor; and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), wherein (i) the input to the ADC is connected to the output of the current-limiting resistor and the RESU's thermistor pin so that the terminal resistance may be measured as a voltage and (ii) the output of the ADC is connected to a processor included as part of the charger for controlling the charger's charging process.
 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the processor is configured by software to: read the digital signal output from the ADC; select the charger's charging process based on the digital signal; and control charging circuitry to apply voltage/current to the RESU based on the selected charging process.
 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the charger is a charging cradle configured to hold and charge the RESU.
 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the charger is a charging cradle configured to hold and charge the RESU while the RESU is connected to the barcode scanner.
 11. A charging system for a wireless barcode scanner, comprising: a wireless barcode scanner having a rechargeable energy storage unit (RESU); a charger configured to electrically connect to the RESU for charging, wherein the charger includes a detection circuit for determining the RESU's energy storage component and a processor configured to: receive a signal from the detection circuit, determine the RESU's energy storage component based on the signal, and charge the RESU's energy storage component by controlling charging circuitry to deliver energy to the RESU according to a charging process that corresponds to the RESU's energy storage component.
 12. The charging system according to claim 11, wherein the RESU's energy storage component is either (i) one or more super capacitors or (ii) one or more lithium-ion batteries.
 13. The charging system according to claim 12, wherein the RESU having one or more super capacitors and the RESU having one or more lithium-ion batteries are visibly identical.
 14. The charging system according to claim 12, wherein the RESU's energy storage component corresponds to a terminal resistance at a thermistor pin on the RESU.
 15. The charging system according to claim 14, wherein the terminal resistance for an energy storage component having one or more lithium-ion batteries is the resistance of a thermistor.
 16. The charging system according to claim 14, wherein the terminal resistance for an energy storage component having one or more super capacitors is the resistance of a short-circuit to ground.
 17. The charging system according to claim 14, wherein the terminal resistance for an energy storage component having one or more super capacitors and the terminal resistance for an energy storage component having one or more lithium-ion batteries differ by more than 1000 ohms.
 18. The charging system according to claim 14, wherein the detection circuit converts the terminal resistance at the thermistor pin into a corresponding voltage-level signal.
 19. The charging system according to claim 18, wherein the detection circuit comprises: a P-channel MOSFET, wherein the MOSFET's source is connected to a power source and the MOSFET's drain is connected to the input of a current limiting resistor so that current flows through the current limiting resistor when the when the MOSFET is turned on for detection; and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), wherein (i) the input to the ADC is connected to the output of the current-limiting resistor and the thermistor pin on the RESU so that the voltage at the input to the ADC corresponds to the terminal resistance and the output of the ADC is a digital signal corresponding to the voltage at the input.
 20. The charging system according to claim 11, wherein the charger is a charging cradle having a housing configured to mechanically and electrically mate with the RESU, and wherein the housing contains the detection circuit, the processor, and the charging circuitry. 